Definition

1. Adjective:
   • First infraction / first violation: Describes an act, typically a mistake or offense, that is committed for the very first time by the person involved.
   • Initial / primary: Pertaining to the first occurrence of an error or breach, often implying a lack of prior experience or record.

Usage Examples

• Adjective:
  • Đây chỉ là lỗi sơ phạm, anh ấy chưa bao giờ vi phạm trước đây. (This is just a first-time mistake; he has never violated before.)
  • Tòa án xem xét yếu tố sơ phạm để giảm nhẹ hình phạt. (The court considers the first-time offense factor to mitigate the punishment.)

Advanced Usage

• The term is primarily used in formal or legalistic contexts to describe a first-time error, often in rules, procedures, or laws. It carries a connotation that the act may be excused or treated leniently due to its initial nature.

Variants and Related Words

• Lỗi sơ phạm (n): A first-time mistake or error.
  • Việc xử phạt cần phân biệt giữa lỗi sơ phạm và lỗi cố ý. (Penalties must distinguish between a first-time error and an intentional fault.)

Synonyms

• First-time: occurring for the first time.
• Initial offense: the first act of wrongdoing.
• Maiden breach: a first violation (formal).

Notes on Usage

• "Sơ phạm" is not related to the field of pedagogy or teaching. It is a distinct term from the more common word "sư phạm" (pedagogy). Confusion between these two words should be avoided.
• It is almost exclusively used in combination with words like (mistake, error) or (violation). It is rarely used as a standalone adjective.

1. First infraction, first violation
2. Committed for the first time
   • Lỗi sơ phạm
     Mistake committed for the first time