stannic chloride
Definition
- Noun:
- A colorless caustic liquid compound: A chemical compound with the formula SnCl₄, produced by the direct reaction of tin metal with chlorine gas. It is a fuming, corrosive liquid at room temperature, used as a precursor in other tin compounds and in various industrial processes.
Usage Examples
- Noun:
- The laboratory ordered a new bottle of stannic chloride for the synthesis experiment.
- Stannic chloride fumes in moist air, forming hydrochloric acid.
- The process involves the catalytic use of stannic chloride.
Advanced Usage
As a Lewis acid catalyst: In organic chemistry, stannic chloride is frequently used as a strong Lewis acid catalyst to facilitate reactions like Friedel-Crafts alkylation and acylation.
- The reaction proceeded efficiently using stannic chloride as the catalyst.
In tin plating and glass coating: Industrially, it is used in the production of other tin compounds, for tin plating, and for applying conductive or toughening coatings to glass.
- The glass was treated with a solution containing stannic chloride to increase its surface strength.
Variants and Related Words
- Tin(IV) chloride: The systematic IUPAC name for stannic chloride, emphasizing tin in its +4 oxidation state.
- Tin tetrachloride: Another common name for the same compound.
- Stannous chloride (SnCl₂): A related compound where tin is in the +2 oxidation state. It is a white crystalline solid, contrasting with the liquid nature of stannic chloride.
Synonyms
- Tin(IV) chloride
- Tin tetrachloride
- Tetrachlorostannane (less common)
Related Phrases and Terms
- Fuming liquid: A descriptive phrase often associated with stannic chloride due to its reaction with atmospheric moisture.
- Corrosive substance: A key safety classification for stannic chloride, indicating it can cause severe damage to living tissue and materials.
Noun
-
a colorless caustic liquid made by treating tin with chlorine
