sulfide
Definition
Noun: 1. A chemical compound: A sulfide is a compound consisting of sulfur and one or more other elements, typically a metal or another element that is more electropositive than sulfur. In these compounds, sulfur typically has an oxidation state of -2.
Usage Examples
- Noun:
- Iron sulfide is a common mineral with a metallic luster.
- The characteristic smell of rotten eggs is due to hydrogen sulfide gas.
- Many metal sulfides are important ores from which metals like copper, lead, and zinc are extracted.
Advanced Usage
- Inorganic Chemistry: The term "sulfide" primarily refers to inorganic salts containing the S²⁻ anion (e.g., sodium sulfide, Na₂S) or covalent compounds like hydrogen sulfide (H₂S).
- Organic Chemistry: In organic chemistry, the functional group -S- is called a "sulfide" or "thioether" when it connects two organic groups (e.g., dimethyl sulfide, CH₃SCH₃). This is a distinct but related usage.
Variants and Related Words
- Sulphide: (noun) The British English spelling of "sulfide."
- Bisulfide / Disulfide: (noun) Compounds containing the HS⁻ anion or the -S-S- group, respectively (e.g., carbon disulfide, CS₂).
- Polysulfide: (noun) A compound containing chains of sulfur atoms (e.g., ammonium polysulfide).
Synonyms
- Thioether: (noun) Specifically for organic compounds with a C-S-C linkage.
- Sulfur compound: (noun) A broader, more general term.
Related Phrases
- Metal sulfide: (noun phrase) A very common type of sulfide compound.
- Sulfide mineral: (noun phrase) A naturally occurring inorganic solid with a sulfide composition, such as pyrite (FeS₂) or galena (PbS).
Noun
-
a compound of sulphur and some other element that is more electropositive
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