sulfate

Thân thiện

A scientist adds sulfate to a beaker of clear liquid.

Definition

1. Noun:
   • A salt or ester of sulfuric acid: A chemical compound containing the sulfate ion (SO₄²⁻) or the sulfate group.
2. Verb:
   • To convert into a sulfate: To combine, treat, or impregnate with sulfuric acid or a sulfate.

Usage Examples

• Noun:
  • Calcium sulfate is a common mineral.
  • The water sample showed high levels of sulfate.
• Verb:
  • The process will sulfate the metal, forming a protective layer.
  • These compounds can be sulfated under acidic conditions.

Advanced Usage

• "Sulfate attack": A chemical reaction where sulfates, often from soil or water, degrade materials like concrete or mortar.
  • The bridge piers showed signs of deterioration due to sulfate attack.
• "Sulfate reduction": A microbial process where sulfate is reduced to hydrogen sulfide.
  • Sulfate reduction in the sediment produces a distinctive rotten egg smell.

Variants and Related Words

• Sulfation (n): The process of forming or converting into a sulfate.
  • The sulfation of the battery plates reduced its capacity.
• Sulfate-free (adj): Describing a product, like shampoo, formulated without sulfates.
  • She prefers sulfate-free cleansers for her sensitive skin.
• Sulfuric acid (n): The parent acid (H₂SO₄) from which sulfates are derived.

Synonyms

• Noun: Sulphate (UK spelling variant).
• Verb: Sulphate (UK spelling variant), treat with sulfuric acid.

Related Phrases

• Copper sulfate: A specific, common sulfate compound (CuSO₄), also known as blue vitriol.
  • Copper sulfate is used as a fungicide and in school chemistry experiments.
• Ammonium sulfate: A sulfate salt ((NH₄)₂SO₄) used primarily as a fertilizer.
  • The farmer applied ammonium sulfate to the field.

Học thuật

Noun

1. a salt or ester of sulphuric acid

Verb

1. convert into a sulfate

Từ đồng nghĩa

• sulphate