tân toan
Definition
- Adjective:
- Bitter, full of bitterness: Describes a state of intense emotional pain, sorrow, or hardship, akin to a sharp, acrid taste. It conveys a deep sense of suffering and distress.
- Painful, arduous: Characterizes experiences or periods of life that are filled with difficulty, struggle, and mental anguish.
Usage Examples
- Adjective:
- Bõ khi ly biệt, bõ ngày tân toan. (To compensate for the moments of separation, to compensate for the days full of bitterness.)
- Những ký ức tân toan ấy chẳng dễ gì quên. (Those bitter memories are not easy to forget.)
Advanced Usage
- This word is primarily used in a literary and archaic context. It is rarely found in modern everyday conversation and is more common in classical poetry or prose to evoke a profound sense of lament or hardship.
Variants and Related Words
- Đắng cay (adj): Bitter and pungent; used figuratively to describe painful, distressing experiences. This is a more common modern synonym.
- Cay đắng (adj): A variant form of "đắng cay," with the same meaning.
Synonyms
- Bitter: Having a sharp, unpleasant taste; metaphorically, feeling angry, hurt, or resentful.
- Arduous: Involving or requiring strenuous effort; difficult and tiring.
- Painful: Causing physical or emotional pain.
Related Idioms
- Nếm trải đắng cay: To taste bitterness; to experience hardship and suffering.
- Ông ấy đã nếm trải đắng cay đủ rồi. (He has tasted enough bitterness/suffering.)