teratogen

Thân thiện

A scientist carefully labels a teratogen sample in the laboratory.

Definition

Noun: A teratogen is any substance, agent, or factor that can cause malformations or serious disruptions in the normal development of an embryo or fetus. Exposure to a teratogen during pregnancy can lead to congenital abnormalities, known as birth defects.

Usage

The term is used specifically in medical, biological, and toxicological contexts to describe agents known to cause developmental harm. It is a countable noun.

Examples

• "Alcohol is a well-known teratogen that can cause fetal alcohol spectrum disorders."
• "Doctors advise pregnant women to avoid known teratogens, such as certain medications and chemicals."
• "The study aimed to determine if the new chemical compound acted as a teratogen in laboratory animals."

Advanced Usage

• Teratogenic (adjective): Describing the property of being a teratogen or causing malformations.
  • "The drug has been found to have teratogenic effects in primates."
• Teratogenicity (noun): The capability of an agent to cause developmental malformations.
  • "Researchers are testing the compound's teratogenicity."

Variants and Related Words

• Teratogenesis (noun): The process or mechanism by which teratogens cause developmental abnormalities.
• Teratology (noun): The branch of science concerned with the study of congenital abnormalities and their causes.

Synonyms

• Developmental toxin
• Fetotoxin (specifically harmful to the fetus)

Antonyms

• There is no direct antonym, but a nutrient or a vitamin essential for healthy development would be conceptually opposite in effect.

Notes

A teratogen's harmful effect depends heavily on the timing (specific stage of development), dose, and duration of exposure, as well as genetic susceptibility. Not all exposures lead to defects.

Học thuật

Noun

1. any agent that interferes with normal embryonic development: alcohol or thalidomide or X-rays or rubella are examples