Definition

1. Noun:
   • Institution: A significant and established structure, organization, or system in a society, especially one of a political, social, or economic nature, created and regulated by laws, rules, or customs.
   • Constitution / Political System: The fundamental system of principles, laws, and practices by which a state or community is governed and organized.

Usage Examples

• Noun:
  • Thể chế chính trị của quốc gia đó rất ổn định. (The political institution of that country is very stable.)
  • Một thể chế dân chủ bảo vệ quyền con người. (A democratic system protects human rights.)
  • Cải cách thể chế là cần thiết cho phát triển kinh tế. (Institutional reform is necessary for economic development.)

Advanced Usage

• "thể chế kinh tế": economic institution/system.

  • Thể chế kinh tế thị trường đã được áp dụng. (A market economic system has been implemented.)

• "thể chế nhà nước": state institution/system.

  • Các thể chế nhà nước phải hoạt động minh bạch. (State institutions must operate transparently.)

Variants and Related Words

• Thiết chế (n): A synonym often used interchangeably with "thể chế," referring to an established social or political system.

  • Thiết chế xã hội này đã tồn tại hàng trăm năm. (This social institution has existed for hundreds of years.)

• Thể chế hoá (v): to institutionalize.

  • Họ muốn thể chế hoá các thủ tục này. (They want to institutionalize these procedures.)

Synonyms

• System: A set of connected things or parts forming a complex whole.
• Structure: The arrangement of and relations between the parts of something complex.
• Framework: A basic structure underlying a system or concept.

Related Concepts

• Chế độ (n): Often translated as "regime," it can refer to a specific government in power or a social system (e.g., chế độ phong kiến - feudal system). It is related but can imply the ruling authority more than the abstract system of "thể chế."
• Cơ chế (n): Often translated as "mechanism," it refers to the process or method by which something operates, which is a functional component within a broader "thể chế."

noun

1. institution