transferase
Definition
Noun: An enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a specific functional group (such as a methyl, phosphate, or amino group) from one molecule (the donor) to another (the acceptor).
Usage
The term "transferase" is used in biochemistry and molecular biology to classify a major category of enzymes based on their function. It is a technical term. * DNA methyltransferase is a key transferase involved in epigenetic regulation. * The experiment aimed to purify the specific transferase responsible for the reaction.
Advanced Usage
- Kinase: A specific and very important subclass of transferase that transfers a phosphate group, typically from ATP to another molecule.
- Protein kinase A is a transferase that phosphorylates serine and threonine residues.
- As part of enzyme nomenclature: In the EC number classification system, all enzymes with EC numbers beginning with "2" are transferases.
- Hexokinase, a transferase, has the EC number 2.7.1.1.
Variants and Related Words
- Transferases (plural form): The plural is used when referring to this entire class of enzymes.
- Transferases are one of the six main enzyme classes.
- Transferred (verb, past tense of "transfer"): Describes the action carried out.
- The acetyl group was transferred from acetyl-CoA to the target protein.
Synonyms
- Translocase (in some specific contexts, though "transferase" is more general and standard).
- There is no common, non-technical synonym. The closest descriptive phrase is "group-transfer enzyme."
Related Phrases / Compound Terms
- Acyltransferase: A transferase that moves an acyl group.
- Glycosyltransferase: A transferase that transfers a sugar moiety (glycosyl group).
- Methyltransferase: A transferase that transfers a methyl group.
- Phosphotransferase: A synonym for kinase; a transferase that transfers a phosphate group.
Noun
-
any of various enzymes that move a chemical group from one compound to another compound
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