Definition

1. Adjective:

   • Dominant / Superior: Being noticeably higher, better, or more prominent than others of the same kind. It describes a state of clear advantage or precedence.
   • Excessive / In surplus: Referring to an amount that is more than what is standard, expected, or needed, resulting in an excess.

2. Verb:

   • To surpass / To exceed: To be greater or better than something else; to go beyond a certain limit, standard, or amount.

Usage Examples

• Adjective:

  • Cô ấy có năng khiếu trội về âm nhạc. (She has a dominant talent for music.)
  • Số tiền chi tiêu bị trội so với ngân sách. (The spending amount was in excess compared to the budget.)

• Verb:

  • Anh ấy luôn trội hơn các đối thủ về kinh nghiệm. (He always surpasses his competitors in experience.)
  • Chi phí đã trội lên rất nhiều. (The costs have exceeded by a lot.)

Advanced Usage

• "Tính trội": (Biology) Dominant trait.

  • Gen quy định mắt nâu là tính trội. (The gene for brown eyes is a dominant trait.)

• Used in comparative structures: "trội hơn" (more dominant than, superior to).

  • Mẫu xe này trội hơn về mặt tiết kiệm nhiên liệu. (This car model is superior in terms of fuel efficiency.)

Variants and Related Words

• Vượt trội (adj): Outstanding, superior, excellent.

  • Chất lượng vượt trội. (Outstanding quality.)

• Trội hẳn (adj): Clearly/decidedly superior.

  • Trình độ trội hẳn. (A decidedly superior level.)

Synonyms

• Surpass: To exceed, to be better than.
• Dominant: Prevailing, most influential.
• Exceed: To go beyond, to be greater than.

Related Idioms

• Ăn trội: To have an unfair advantage or surplus (often used in games or bargaining).

  • Anh ta được ăn trội ngay từ đầu ván bài. (He had an unfair advantage right from the start of the card game.)

• Làm trội: To exaggerate, to make something seem more than it is.

  • Đừng làm trội khó khăn lên. (Don't exaggerate the difficulties.)

verb

1. to surpass, to dominate dominant