variola vaccine
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Definition
Noun: A vaccine historically used to immunize against smallpox. It is created from the live vaccinia virus, which is closely related to the variola (smallpox) virus but much less severe. The vaccine is administered by scratching the skin's surface, which causes a localized infection that typically results in a characteristic pitted scar and confers immunity.
Usage
The term "variola vaccine" refers specifically to the biological preparation used for smallpox immunization. It is used in medical and historical contexts. * The global eradication of smallpox was achieved through widespread use of the variola vaccine. * Military personnel were once routinely given the variola vaccine. * The variola vaccine leaves a distinctive scar on the upper arm.
Advanced Usage
- The term is often used in historical or technical discussions about immunization. In common modern parlance, it is more frequently called the "smallpox vaccine."
- It can be discussed in the context of vaccine stockpiles maintained by governments for biodefense purposes.
Variants and Related Words
- Smallpox vaccine: The more common contemporary term for the same substance.
- Vaccinia virus: The virus used in the vaccine.
- Inoculation: The process of administering the vaccine.
Synonyms
- Smallpox vaccine
- Vaccinia vaccine
Related Phrases
- Vaccination scar: The permanent mark left by a successful variola vaccine administration.
- Ring vaccination: A containment strategy that involved vaccinating all people in a ring around a smallpox case; this strategy utilized the variola vaccine.
Noun
- a local infection induced in humans by inoculation with the virus causing cowpox in order to confer resistance to smallpox; normally lasts three weeks and leaves a pitted scar