viscosity
/vi'siditi/ Cách viết khác : (viscosity) /vis'kɔsiti/ (viscousness) /'viskəsnis/
Học thuậtThân thiện
Definition
Noun: - Resistance to flow: The physical property of a fluid (liquid or gas) that describes its internal resistance to flow and shear forces. A high viscosity means the fluid is thick and flows slowly (like honey), while a low viscosity means the fluid is thin and flows easily (like water).
Examples of Usage
- Noun:
- The viscosity of the oil is critical for proper engine lubrication.
- Honey has a much higher viscosity than water.
- Scientists measure the viscosity of lava to predict its flow during a volcanic eruption.
Advanced Usage
- Dynamic (or Absolute) Viscosity: A measure of a fluid's resistance to shear flow when an external force is applied. It is often represented by the Greek letter eta (η).
- The experiment calculated the dynamic viscosity of the polymer solution.
- Kinematic Viscosity: The ratio of dynamic viscosity to fluid density. It is often represented by the Greek letter nu (ν).
- Kinematic viscosity is important for understanding how fluids behave under gravity.
Variants and Related Words
- Viscous (adjective): Having a thick, sticky consistency between solid and liquid; having high viscosity.
- The crude oil was cold and viscous.
- Viscousness (noun): A synonym for viscosity.
- The viscousness of the syrup made it pour slowly.
Synonyms
- Thickness: (Informal) The quality of being thick or semi-fluid.
- Consistency: The degree of viscosity or firmness of a substance.
- Gumminess: The quality of being sticky and thick.
- Glutinousness: The quality of having a glue-like, sticky nature.
Related Phrases and Collocations
- High/Low viscosity: Describes the degree of a fluid's resistance to flow.
- Motor oils are graded based on their high and low temperature viscosity.
- Viscosity index: A measure of how much the viscosity of an oil changes with temperature.
- A high viscosity index is desirable for engine oils.
- Shear viscosity: Another term for dynamic viscosity, emphasizing resistance to shear stress.
- The shear viscosity decreases as the fluid is stirred more vigorously.
Noun
- resistance of a liquid to shear forces (and hence to flow)