vituperate

/vi'tju:pəreit/
Học thuật
Thân thiện
Definition
  1. Verb:
    • To use harsh, abusive, or condemnatory language; to berate or revile someone severely.
    • To criticize or denounce someone in a bitter, scathing manner.
Usage
  • The verb "vituperate" is a formal term for the act of harshly scolding or verbally abusing someone. It implies a sustained, forceful, and often public attack with words.
  • It is typically used in contexts involving strong moral condemnation or intense criticism.
  • Common Sentence Patterns:
    • [Subject] vituperates [object].
    • [Subject] vituperates against [object].
Examples
  • The critic vituperated the artist's latest work, calling it an insult to the profession.
  • During the debate, the politician vituperated his opponent's character relentlessly.
  • He was known to vituperate against any form of governmental oversight.
Advanced Usage
  • "to vituperate against": This prepositional phrase is commonly used to specify the target of the verbal abuse.
    • The preacher would often vituperate against the sins of modern society from his pulpit.
  • The act of vituperating is vituperation (noun). The person who vituperates can be described as vituperative (adjective).
Variants and Related Words
  • Vituperation (n): Bitter and abusive language; sustained, harsh criticism.
    • The meeting dissolved into a storm of mutual vituperation.
  • Vituperative (adj): Characterized by harsh, abusive language.
    • She wrote a vituperative letter to the editor.
Synonyms
  • Berate: To scold or criticize angrily.
  • Revile: To criticize in an abusive or angrily insulting manner.
  • Lambaste: To criticize severely or angrily.
  • Excoriate: To censure or criticize severely.
  • Castigate: To reprimand (someone) severely.
Antonyms
  • Praise: To express warm approval or admiration.
  • Compliment: A polite expression of praise or admiration.
  • Commend: To praise formally or officially.
  • Laud: To praise highly, especially in a public context.
Related Phrases and Idioms
  • Hurl invective: This phrase is a close conceptual synonym, meaning to utter abusive language.
    • Instead of debating the policy, he simply hurled invective at his colleagues.
Verb
  1. spread negative information about
    • The Nazi propaganda vilified the Jews

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