xước
Học thuậtThân thiện
Definition
Verb:
- To scratch, to graze, to abrade: To cause a shallow, narrow mark or injury on a surface, typically on skin or a smooth material, by scraping against something sharp or rough.
- To peel off (in strips): (Regional/colloquial) To strip or peel something off in long, thin pieces.
Adjective:
- Scratched, grazed, abraded: Describing a surface that has a shallow, narrow mark or injury from being scraped.
Usage Examples
Verb:
- Cẩn thận kẻo xước mặt bàn. (Be careful not to scratch the table surface.)
- Con mèo đã xước tay tôi. (The cat scratched my hand.)
- Anh ấy bị xước da đầu gối khi ngã. (He grazed the skin on his knee when he fell.)
- (Regional) Bà ấy đang xước vỏ mía. (She is peeling the sugarcane bark.)
Adjective:
- Chiếc điện thoại mới của tôi đã bị xước. (My new phone is already scratched.)
- Vết thương chỉ là một vết xước nhẹ. (The wound is just a light scratch.)
Advanced Usage
- "Làm xước": To cause something to become scratched. This is a more formal or explicit way to express the action.
- Chiếc chìa khóa đã làm xước sơn xe. (The key scratched the car's paint.)
- "Bị xước": To be/get scratched. This passive structure is very common.
- Đĩa CD này bị xước nên không nghe được. (This CD is scratched, so it can't be played.)
Variants and Related Words
- Cỏ xước (n): A type of plant (Achyranthes aspera), also known as "devil's horsewhip" or "prickly chaff flower." The name likely comes from its rough, scratchy texture.
- Xước xát (adj/n): Describes minor scratches and abrasions, often used for skin injuries.
- May mà chỉ bị xước xát nhẹ. (Luckily, it was only minor scrapes and scratches.)
Synonyms
- Cào (v): To scratch (often more deliberately or with claws).
- Trầy (v/adj): To graze, to scrape (often used interchangeably with for skin injuries).
- Cọ xát (v): To rub against, which can result in scratching.
Related Phrases (Phrasal Verbs)
- Xước móng rồng (Idiomatic): Literally "to scratch the dragon's claw," implying a very minor, insignificant effort or result. It can mean to barely make a dent or to do something with minimal effect.
- Số tiền đó chỉ như xước móng rồng so với khoản nợ của họ. (That amount of money is just a drop in the bucket compared to their debt.)
Related Idioms
- Xước đầu mèo (Idiom, less common): Literally "to scratch the cat's head." Similar to "xước móng rồng," it can imply a trivial, ineffective action or a very small amount.