BC

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Definition
  1. Adverb: An abbreviation for "Before Christ." It is used to indicate that a year or date occurred before the estimated year of the birth of Jesus Christ, which marks the start of the Anno Domini (AD) era in the Gregorian and Julian calendars.
Usage
  • Placement: "BC" is always placed the numerical year.
  • Context: It is used in historical, archaeological, and academic writing to date events in the distant past.
  • Formatting: It is typically written in uppercase letters, often without periods (BC) though "B.C." is also an accepted variant.
Examples
  • The Great Pyramid of Giza was built around 2560 BC.
  • The Roman Republic was founded in 509 BC.
  • Alexander the Great died in 323 BC.
Advanced Usage
  • "circa" (c.) with BC: Used to indicate an approximate date.
    • The city was founded c. 1000 BC.
  • Centuries BC: Refers to the period of 100 years before year 1 BC. The first century BC is the period from 100 BC to 1 BC.
    • Julius Caesar lived in the first century BC.
Variants and Related Words
  • B.C.: An alternative formatting with periods, identical in meaning to "BC".
  • BCE: Abbreviation for "Before the Common Era." This is a secular alternative to "BC" and is used with the same numerical system (e.g., 200 BC = 200 BCE).
  • AD: Abbreviation for "Anno Domini" (Latin for "in the year of our Lord"), used for dates after the supposed year of Christ's birth. It is traditionally placed the year number (e.g., AD 1066), though modern usage often places it after (e.g., 1066 AD).
  • CE: Abbreviation for "Common Era," the secular equivalent of "AD" (e.g., AD 1066 = 1066 CE).
Synonyms
  • Before Christ: The full phrase for which "BC" is the abbreviation.
  • Before the Common Era (BCE): A modern, non-religious synonym.
Important Notes
  • There is no year "0" in this dating system. The year 1 BC is immediately followed by AD 1.
  • When calculating time spans across the BC/AD divide, careful addition is required. For example, an event in 100 BC occurred 2,100 years before AD 2000 (100 years + 2000 years).
Adverb
  1. before the Christian era; used following dates before the supposed year Christ was born
    • in 200 BC

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