Definition

1. Adjective:

   • Of or relating to Julius Caesar: Specifically referring to the Roman general and statesman Gaius Julius Caesar (100–44 BC), or to things associated with him.
   • Of or relating to the calendar reformed by Julius Caesar: Pertaining to the Julian calendar system.

2. Noun:

   • A male given name: A personal name of Latin origin.
   • Flavius Claudius Julianus (Julian the Apostate): A Roman Emperor (AD 331–363) known for his attempt to restore traditional Roman religion and his philosophical writings.

Examples of Usage

• Adjective:

  • The Julian reforms had a lasting impact on Roman administration.
  • Scholars study the transition from the Julian calendar to the Gregorian calendar.

• Noun (as a name):

  • Julian is a common name in many English-speaking countries.
• Noun (referring to the emperor):
  • The emperor Julian wrote extensively in Greek.

Advanced Usage

• "Julian day": In astronomy and chronology, a continuous count of days since noon Universal Time on January 1, 4713 BC, used for simplifying date calculations.
  • The event's date was converted to a Julian day number for the software.

Variants and Related Words

• Julian calendar (n): The calendar introduced by Julius Caesar in 46 BC, which was a reform of the Roman calendar. It was the predominant calendar in the West until the late 16th century.
  • Great Britain adopted the Gregorian calendar in 1752, abandoning the Julian calendar.
• Julian the Apostate (n): The common epithet for Emperor Flavius Claudius Julianus.
  • Julian the Apostate's reign was marked by religious conflict.

Synonyms

• For the adjective (relating to Caesar): Caesarean (in historical contexts).
• For the name: There is no direct synonym, but it is related to the name Julius.

Related Phrases

• "Julian year": In astronomy, a unit of time defined as exactly 365.25 days.
  • The calculation uses the length of a Julian year.

Related Idioms

Adjective

1. of or relating to or characteristic of Julius Caesar
   • the Julian calendar

Noun

1. Roman Emperor and nephew of Constantine; he restored paganism as the official religion of the Roman Empire and destroyed Christian temples but his decision was reversed after his death (331?-363)