Sue

/sju:/
Học thuật
Thân thiện
Definition

  1. Verb (Transitive):

    • To initiate a legal process against a person or organization in a court of law, typically to seek a legal remedy such as monetary damages or an injunction.
    • To make a formal request or plea for something, often in a persistent or earnest manner (archaic or formal usage).

  2. Verb (Intransitive):

    • To institute legal proceedings; to bring a lawsuit.
    • To make an appeal or entreaty; to petition (archaic or formal usage).
Usage Examples
  • Verb (Transitive):
    • The injured party decided to sue the manufacturer for negligence.
    • He was sued for breach of contract.
  • Verb (Intransitive):
    • She threatened to sue if her demands were not met.
    • The ambassador came to sue for peace. (archaic/formal)
Advanced Usage
  • "to sue for": This phrasal construction is used to specify the grounds or objective of the legal action or formal request.
    • The company was sued for patent infringement.
    • In medieval times, a defeated army might sue for mercy.
  • Legal Context: The verb "sue" implies the plaintiff (the party suing) believes they have a legal cause of action against the defendant. It is the formal start of a civil lawsuit.
Variants and Related Words
  • Suer (noun): (Archaic) One who sues; a petitioner or plaintiff.
  • Suit (noun): The lawsuit itself or the process of suing. (e.g., ).
  • Action (verb/noun): A formal legal synonym (e.g., as in the reference context, though this is less common than "sue").
Synonyms
  • Litigate: To engage in a lawsuit.
  • Prosecute: To institute and carry forward legal action against someone (note: often used in criminal contexts, while "sue" is primarily civil).
  • Take to court: An informal phrase meaning to sue.
  • Petition: To make a formal request, especially to an authority (shares the formal plea meaning).
Related Phrasal Verbs/Constructions
  • Sue out: (Legal, archaic) To apply for and obtain (a writ or pardon) from a court.
    • The lawyer helped him sue out a writ of habeas corpus.
Related Idioms
  • Sue someone's pants off: (Informal/Humorous) To sue someone for a very large amount of money or aggressively.
    • If they don't fix this, I'll sue their pants off!
  • Sue for peace: (Historical/Formal) To formally ask an enemy to end hostilities.
    • The losing nation was forced to sue for peace.
Noun
  1. French writer whose novels described the sordid side of city life (1804-1857)
Verb
  1. institute legal proceedings against; file a suit against
    • He was warned that the district attorney would process him
    • She actioned the company for discrimination

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