affine

Thân thiện

A woman's affine relatives attended the family gathering.

Definition

1. Adjective:

   • (Anthropology) Related by marriage: Describes a connection or relationship established through marriage rather than by blood.
   • (Mathematics) Of or pertaining to the geometry of affine transformations: Describes properties or transformations in geometry that preserve parallel lines and ratios of distances along parallel lines, but not necessarily absolute distances or angles.

2. Noun:

   • (Anthropology) Kin by marriage: A relative connected through marriage, such as a brother-in-law or mother-in-law.

Usage Examples

• Adjective (Anthropology):

  • In many cultures, affine relatives have specific social roles and obligations.
  • Her affine connections were as important as her consanguineal ones in the family network.

• Adjective (Mathematics):

  • The study of affine geometry focuses on properties invariant under parallel projection.
  • An affine transformation can map any triangle to any other triangle.

• Noun (Anthropology):

  • He considered not only his blood relatives but also his affines when making the decision.
  • The ceremony was attended by both consanguineal and affine kin.

Advanced Usage

• "Affine space": A mathematical structure that generalizes the properties of Euclidean space without a fixed point of origin. It is a set of points with a vector space acting on it.

  • In an affine space, you can subtract points to get vectors, but there is no natural way to add two points.

• "Affine combination": In mathematics, a linear combination of points where the coefficients sum to 1.

  • The centroid of a triangle is an affine combination of its vertices.

Variants and Related Words

• Affinity (n): A close connection, relationship, or attraction. In anthropology, it specifically refers to a relationship by marriage.

  • There was an immediate affinity between the two artists.
  • The law of affinity governs marriages between certain relatives.

• Affinely (adv): In a manner relating to or by means of affine transformations.

  • The shapes are affinely equivalent.

Synonyms

• Adjective (Anthropology): Connubial, marital.
• Noun (Anthropology): In-law, relative by marriage.
• Adjective (Mathematics): (No direct common synonym; described as pertaining to linear transformations preserving parallelism).

Related Phrases

• "Affine transformation": A geometric transformation that preserves collinearity and ratios of distances. It includes operations like translation, scaling, and rotation.

  • The computer graphic applied an affine transformation to skew the image.

• "Affine cipher": In cryptography, a type of monoalphabetic substitution cipher that uses a mathematical affine function to encrypt letters.

  • The affine cipher is a simple encryption technique.

Học thuật

Adjective

1. (anthropology) related by marriage
2. (mathematics) of or pertaining to the geometry of affine transformations

Noun

1. (anthropology) kin by marriage

Từ đồng nghĩa

• affinal