aniline
/'ænili:n/
Definition
- Noun:
- A colorless, oily, poisonous liquid amine with the chemical formula C₆H₅NH₂, obtained originally from nitrobenzene. It is a primary aromatic amine used extensively as a starting material in the manufacture of dyes, plastics, pharmaceuticals, and other industrial chemicals.
Usage Examples
- Noun:
- The laboratory handled aniline with extreme care due to its toxicity.
- The discovery of mauveine, the first synthetic dye, was based on aniline.
- Many early plastics were derived from aniline compounds.
Advanced Usage
- "Aniline derivative": A compound chemically derived from aniline by replacing one or more hydrogen atoms with other functional groups.
- Sulfa drugs are important aniline derivatives used in medicine.
- "Aniline dye": A synthetic dye originally made from aniline or its derivatives.
- Aniline dyes revolutionized the textile industry in the 19th century.
Variants and Related Words
- Anilin (n): An alternate, less common spelling for "aniline".
- Phenylamine (n): The systematic IUPAC name for aniline.
- Aniline black (n): A black dye produced by oxidizing aniline.
- Aniline point (n): A petroleum industry test value indicating the solvent power of hydrocarbons.
Synonyms
- Phenylamine: The formal chemical name.
- Aminobenzene: A descriptive synonym based on its chemical structure.
Related Phrases and Compounds
- Aniline hydrochloride (n): A salt form of aniline, often used in synthesis.
- Aniline leather (n): A type of high-quality leather dyed with soluble dyes, traditionally aniline-based, which penetrates the hide.
- Aniline leather is prized for its soft, natural feel.
Noun
-
oily poisonous liquid amine obtained from nitrobenzene and used to make dyes and plastics and medicines
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