Definition

1. Adjective:
   • Innate, inborn: A quality, characteristic, or condition that exists from the moment of birth.
   • Congenital: Primarily used in medical contexts to describe a disease or physical condition present at birth.

Usage Examples

• Adjective:
  • Anh ấy có năng khiếu âm nhạc bẩm sinh. (He has an innate musical talent.)
  • Đứa trẻ mắc bệnh tim bẩm sinh. (The child has a congenital heart disease.)
  • Sự thông minh đó không phải là bẩm sinh mà do rèn luyện. (That intelligence is not innate but cultivated.)

Advanced Usage

• "tật bẩm sinh": congenital defect, birth defect.

  • Việc sàng lọc trước sinh giúp phát hiện một số tật bẩm sinh. (Prenatal screening helps detect some congenital defects.)

• Used to emphasize a fundamental, unchangeable nature.

  • Bản tính hiền lành bẩm sinh của cô ấy khiến ai cũng quý mến. (Her innately gentle nature makes everyone fond of her.)

Variants and Related Words

• Bẩm tính (noun): Innate character, inherent nature.

  • bẩm tính trung thực (an innately honest character)

• Thiên bẩm (noun): Innate gift, natural aptitude (often for talents).

  • thiên bẩm hội họa (an innate gift for painting)

Synonyms

• Có sẵn: Pre-existing, but less specific to birth.
• Tự nhiên: Natural, but broader and not necessarily from birth.
• Nguyên thủy: Primordial, original (more literary/philosophical).

Notes on Meaning

• Primary Meaning: The core meaning refers to traits or conditions present at birth. It does not describe acquired skills or knowledge.
• Figurative Use: Sometimes used loosely to describe a quality so deeply ingrained it seems present from birth (e.g., - an innate sense of humor), though it may be developed early in life.
• Medical vs. General: In general contexts, it translates to "innate." In specific medical contexts, "congenital" is the precise equivalent for diseases or defects.

adj

1. Innate, inborn
   • tật bẩm sinh
     an innate defect
   • thiên tài là do cố gắng bền bỉ lâu dài, đâu phải một thứ bẩm sinh
     genius is the result of long and enduring efforts and not something innate
2. bẩm tính

noun

1. Innate character
   • bẩm tính hiền lành
     to be innately good-natured