Definition

1. Conjunction:
   • Therefore; consequently; for that reason: "Bởi thế" is used to introduce a clause that states the result or consequence of something mentioned previously. It functions as a logical connector, similar to "thus" or "hence."

Usage Examples

• Conjunction:
  • Trời mưa rất to. Bởi thế, chúng tôi quyết định ở nhà. (It rained heavily. Therefore, we decided to stay home.)
  • Anh ấy không chăm chỉ học tập. Bởi thế, anh ấy đã trượt kỳ thi. (He did not study diligently. Consequently, he failed the exam.)
  • Cô ấy rất tốt bụng và luôn sẵn sàng giúp đỡ mọi người. Bởi thế, cô ấy được mọi người yêu quý. (She is very kind and always ready to help others. For that reason, she is loved by everyone.)

Advanced Usage

• "Bởi thế cho nên": This is a more emphatic and slightly more formal variant, combining "bởi thế" with "cho nên" (so, therefore). It strongly emphasizes the cause-and-effect relationship.
  • Dự án có nhiều thiếu sót nghiêm trọng. Bởi thế cho nên nó đã bị hủy bỏ. (The project had many serious shortcomings. That is precisely why it was canceled.)

Variants and Related Words

• Vì thế: A very common and direct synonym, meaning "therefore," "because of that."

  • Đường bị tắc nghẽn. Vì thế, tôi đã đến muộn. (The road was congested. Therefore, I was late.)

• Cho nên: Another common conjunction meaning "so," "therefore." It is often used interchangeably with "bởi thế" and "vì thế."

  • Tôi mệt. Cho nên, tôi sẽ đi ngủ sớm. (I am tired. So, I will go to bed early.)

• Do đó: A more formal synonym, meaning "hence," "as a result."

  • Công ty đang gặp khó khăn tài chính. Do đó, việc tuyển dụng mới bị tạm dừng. (The company is facing financial difficulties. Hence, new recruitment has been suspended.)

Synonyms

• Vì vậy: Therefore, for that reason.
• Thành thử: (Less common, slightly literary) Consequently, so.

Related Phrases

• Bởi vì... nên...: Because... so... (This structure explicitly states both the cause and the effect in two clauses).
  • Bởi vì trời lạnh nên tôi mặc áo ấm. (Because it is cold so I wear a warm coat.)

1. There for; consequently