Definition

1. Adjective:
   • Messy, disorderly, in disarray: Describes a state where things are scattered or placed without any order or tidiness.
   • Careless, thoughtless, rash: Describes actions, speech, or behavior done without proper consideration, attention, or discipline.
   • Dissolute, loose, easy-going: Describes a lifestyle or conduct that is unrestrained, lacking in discipline or moral principles.

Usage Examples

• Adjective:
  • Đồ đạc để bừa bãi. (The furniture is left in a mess.)
  • Ăn nói bừa bãi. (To speak rashly/carelessly.)
  • Nếp sống bừa bãi. (A dissolute/an easy-going way of living.)
  • Cách ăn mặc bừa bãi. (Sloppy dress.)

Advanced Usage

• The word bừa bãi often carries a negative connotation, criticizing a lack of organization, care, or propriety. It can describe physical spaces, personal habits, speech, or moral conduct.
• It functions primarily as an adjective but can follow verbs like "để" (to leave), "sống" (to live), "ăn nói" (to speak) to describe the manner of the action.

Variants and Related Words

• Bừa (adj): A shorter, sometimes slightly less intense form meaning messy or careless.
  • Phòng nó bừa lắm. (His room is very messy.)
• Bừa bộn (adj): A close synonym emphasizing clutter and untidiness.
  • Bàn làm việc bừa bộn. (The desk is cluttered.)

Synonyms

• Disorderly: Lacking organization or neatness.
• Haphazard: Lacking any obvious principle of organization.
• Slovenly: Messy and dirty.
• Reckless: Without thinking or caring about the consequences.
• Dissipated: Overindulging in sensual pleasures.

Related Idioms and Phrases

• Sống bừa bãi: To live a dissolute or undisciplined life.
  • Anh ta đã sống bừa bãi sau khi mất việc. (He lived a dissolute life after losing his job.)
• Để bừa bãi: To leave (things) in a messy state.
  • Đừng để sách vở bừa bãi trên sàn. (Don't leave books and papers scattered on the floor.)

adj

1. như bừa
   • đồ đạc để bừa bãi
     the furniture is topsy-turvy
   • ăn nói bừa bãi
     to be rash in one's speech
   • nếp sống bừa bãi
     an easy-going way of living