Definition

1. Verb:
   • To include: To have something as a part of a whole. It indicates that the subject contains the object as one of its elements or components.
   • To comprise: To consist of, to be made up of. It often suggests that all the parts are listed.
   • To embrace: To encompass or cover a wide range of things. This meaning conveys a sense of broad inclusion.

Usage Examples

• Verb:
  • Giá tour du lịch bao gồm vé máy bay và khách sạn. (The tour price includes airfare and hotel.)
  • Châu Á bao gồm nhiều quốc gia như Việt Nam, Nhật Bản, và Ấn Độ. (Asia comprises many countries such as Vietnam, Japan, and India.)
  • Khái niệm "văn hóa" bao gồm ngôn ngữ, ẩm thực, và phong tục. (The concept of "culture" embraces language, cuisine, and customs.)

Advanced Usage

• "bao gồm cả": This common phrase emphasizes inclusion, often meaning "including even" or "to include also."
  • Danh sách thành viên bao gồm cả những người mới. (The member list includes even the newcomers.)
• Used in formal, academic, and legal contexts to specify contents, components, or conditions.
  • Hợp đồng bao gồm các điều khoản về bảo mật. (The contract includes clauses regarding confidentiality.)

Variants and Related Words

• Bao hàm (v): To imply, to involve, to contain as a part of its meaning. It is often used for abstract concepts.
  • Lời xin lỗi này bao hàm sự hối hận. (This apology implies remorse.)
• Gồm (v): To comprise, to consist of. It is very similar to "bao gồm" but is often shorter and can be used interchangeably in many cases.
  • Đội bóng gồm mười một cầu thủ. (The football team consists of eleven players.)

Synonyms

• Include: To contain as a part of something.
• Comprise: To be composed of.
• Encompass: To include comprehensively.
• Incorporate: To take in or include as part of a whole.

Related Phrases and Usage Notes

• "Được bao gồm trong": A passive construction meaning "to be included in."
  • Bữa sáng được bao gồm trong giá phòng. (Breakfast is included in the room rate.)
• Note on Usage: "Bao gồm" is a transitive verb and is typically followed directly by the objects being included. It is neutral in tone and suitable for both spoken and written language.

verb

1. to include, to embrace, to comprise
   • thuật ngữ "mankind" bao gồm cả đàn ông, đàn bà và trẻ em
     the term "mankind" embraces men, women and children