benzene

/'benzi:n/

Thân thiện

A scientist carefully pours benzene from a beaker into a sealed container.

Definition

1. Noun:
   • A colorless, highly flammable, carcinogenic liquid hydrocarbon: Benzene is a simple aromatic compound with a ring structure of six carbon atoms and six hydrogen atoms (C₆H₆). It is a fundamental building block in organic chemistry and the petrochemical industry.

Examples of Usage

• Noun:
  • Benzene is a key raw material in the production of plastics, resins, and synthetic fibers.
  • Exposure to high levels of benzene in the air can pose serious health risks.
  • The chemical structure of benzene was a major puzzle for 19th-century chemists.

Advanced Usage

• "Benzene ring": The hexagonal, planar ring of six carbon atoms that is the core structural unit of benzene and all aromatic compounds.
  • Many pharmaceuticals contain a benzene ring in their molecular structure.
• As a chemical class archetype: Benzene is often used to represent the broader class of aromatic hydrocarbons.
  • The stability of the benzene molecule is a defining characteristic of aromaticity.

Variants and Related Words

• Benzol (n): An older, less common synonym for benzene, sometimes used in industrial contexts.
• Benzene derivative (n): Any compound formed by replacing one or more hydrogen atoms in the benzene ring with other atoms or groups of atoms (e.g., toluene, phenol).
• Aromatic compound (n): A class of organic compounds that contain one or more planar rings of atoms sharing bonds in a way that creates unusual stability, with benzene being the simplest example.

Synonyms

• Benzol (n): (archaic/industrial) A synonym for benzene.
• Cyclohexa-1,3,5-triene (n): A systematic chemical name describing its structure, though rarely used in common parlance.

Related Phrases

• "Benzene exposure": Contact with benzene, typically in an occupational or environmental context, which is a health concern.
  • Strict regulations limit benzene exposure in the workplace.
• "Benzene in gasoline": Refers to benzene's presence as a component of petrol, which contributes to emissions.
  • Reformulated gasoline has lower levels of benzene.

Related Concepts

• Carcinogen: A substance capable of causing cancer. Benzene is classified as a known human carcinogen.
• Hydrocarbon: An organic compound consisting entirely of hydrogen and carbon. Benzene is an aromatic hydrocarbon.
• Solvent: A substance that dissolves a solute. Benzene was historically used as an industrial solvent, though its use has declined due to its toxicity.

Học thuật

Noun

1. a colorless liquid hydrocarbon; highly inflammable; carcinogenic; the simplest of the aromatic compounds

Từ đồng nghĩa

• benzine
• benzol