Definition

1. Noun:
   • Deposits, sediment, incrustation: A layer or accumulation of solid matter that forms on the interior surfaces of containers, pipes, or machinery from liquids, especially due to mineral content or impurities after prolonged use. It often refers to limescale or residue from boiling water.

Usage Examples

• Noun:
  • Cáu cặn bám dày ở đáy ấm đun nước. (A thick layer of limescale is stuck to the bottom of the kettle.)
  • Cần vệ sinh để loại bỏ cáu cặn trong đường ống. (It's necessary to clean to remove the deposits inside the pipes.)
  • Cáu cặn trong nồi hơi làm giảm hiệu quả hoạt động. (Deposits in the boiler reduce its operating efficiency.)

Advanced Usage

• Technical/Industrial Context: Often used to describe scale or fouling in industrial equipment (boilers, heat exchangers) or household appliances (kettles, water heaters).
  • Quy trình xử lý nước nhằm ngăn ngừa sự hình thành cáu cặn. (The water treatment process aims to prevent the formation of scale.)

Variants and Related Words

• Cặn (noun): Sediment, dregs, lees. Refers more generally to residue settled at the bottom.
  • Cặn cà phê (coffee grounds)
• Đóng cặn (verb phrase): To form sediment, to settle.
  • Nước cứng dễ đóng cặn trong ấm. (Hard water easily forms scale in kettles.)

Synonyms

• Lớp cặn: Layer of sediment.
• Vôi cặn / Cặn vôi: Limescale (specifically calcium carbonate deposits).
• Mảng bám: Buildup, plaque (can be used in broader contexts like dental plaque or marine fouling).

Related Phrases

• Tẩy cáu cặn: To descale, to remove deposits.
  • Dùng giấm để tẩy cáu cặn ấm đun. (Use vinegar to descale the kettle.)

1. deposits