Definition

1. Adjective:

   • Relating to or containing the carbonyl group: Describes a chemical compound or functional group that contains a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom (C=O).

2. Noun:

   • A compound containing a metal combined with carbon monoxide: Refers specifically to a type of organometallic compound where carbon monoxide (CO) is bonded directly to a metal center.

Usage Examples

• Adjective:

  • The carbonyl group is a key functional group in organic chemistry.
  • Aldehydes and ketones are common types of carbonyl compounds.

• Noun:

  • Nickel carbonyl, Ni(CO)₄, is a volatile and toxic compound.
  • Metal carbonyls are often used as catalysts in industrial processes.

Advanced Usage

• "Carbonyl stretching frequency": A specific absorption band in infrared spectroscopy used to identify the carbonyl group.

  • The carbonyl stretching frequency for this ketone appears at 1715 cm⁻¹.

• "Carbonyl insertion reaction": A reaction where carbon monoxide inserts into a metal-carbon bond.

  • The synthesis proceeds via a key carbonyl insertion step.

Variants and Related Words

• Carbonylation (n): A chemical reaction that introduces a carbonyl group into an organic compound.

  • The carbonylation of methanol is used to produce acetic acid.

• Carbonylative (adj): Describing a reaction that incorporates carbon monoxide.

  • This is a carbonylative coupling reaction.

Synonyms

• Carbonylic (adj): (Technical) Pertaining to a carbonyl group.
• Metal carbonyl (n): A synonym for the noun form, a carbonyl compound with a metal.

Related Phrases

• "Carbonyl group": The functional group consisting of a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom (C=O).

  • The reactivity of the molecule is due to the presence of the carbonyl group.

• "Carbonyl compound": A general term for any organic compound containing a carbonyl group.

  • Formaldehyde is the simplest carbonyl compound.

Adjective

1. relating to or containing the carbonyl group

Noun

1. a compound containing metal combined with carbon monoxide