casuistry

/'kæzjuistri/

Thân thiện

A lawyer uses casuistry to argue a difficult case.

Definition

1. Noun:
   • A method of moral reasoning that applies general ethical principles to specific cases or dilemmas: Casuistry involves analyzing particular situations to determine the morally correct course of action by interpreting and applying broader rules.
   • Sophistic, deceptive, or overly subtle argumentation, especially on moral issues: Casuistry can refer to reasoning that is clever but misleading, intended to justify a particular position rather than seek truth.

Usage and Examples

• Noun (Ethical Reasoning):
  • The priest used casuistry to resolve the conflict between the duty to tell the truth and the need to protect an innocent life.
  • Medical ethics often relies on casuistry to navigate complex patient care decisions.
• Noun (Specious Argumentation):
  • The politician's defense was pure casuistry, twisting facts to avoid blame.
  • Don't be fooled by his legal casuistry; his argument is fundamentally dishonest.

Advanced Usage

• "To engage in casuistry": To use subtle, often deceptive, reasoning.
  • The debate devolved as each side began to engage in casuistry rather than address the core issue.
• "Moral casuistry": Specifically refers to the application of casuistic methods in ethics.
  • The theologian was an expert in moral casuistry, particularly concerning matters of war and peace.

Variants and Related Words

• Casuist (n): A person who uses casuistry, especially a person who is skilled in or argues using subtle, often oversubtle, reasoning.
  • He was known as a clever casuist who could argue any side of a debate.
• Casuistic (adj): Pertaining to or characteristic of casuistry.
  • Her casuistic analysis of the rules allowed for a surprising interpretation.

Synonyms

• Sophistry: Subtly deceptive reasoning or argumentation.
• Quibbling: Arguing or raising objections about trivial matters.
• Hair-splitting: Making excessively fine distinctions.
• Jesuitry (historical, often pejorative): Refers to the intricate, sometimes perceived as deceptive, reasoning associated with Jesuit theologians.

Antonyms

• Candor: The quality of being open and honest in expression.
• Directness: Straightforwardness in manner or speech.
• Principle: A fundamental truth or proposition serving as a foundation for belief or action.

Notes on Meaning

The word casuistry carries a dual meaning. In academic contexts, especially in theology, philosophy, and law, it is a neutral or positive term for a legitimate method of case-based reasoning. In common usage, however, it is almost always pejorative, implying the use of clever but false arguments to deceive. The intended meaning is usually clear from the context.

Học thuật

Noun

1. moral philosophy based on the application of general ethical principles to resolve moral dilemmas
2. argumentation that is specious or excessively subtle and intended to be misleading