Definition

Adverb: - Namely, for example, for instance: Used to introduce a specific example or illustration that clarifies or supports a preceding general statement. It signals that what follows is a representative case.

Usage

• Position in Sentence: Typically appears after a comma, following the general statement it exemplifies. It can be followed directly by the example or by "như" (as/like) before the example.
• Function: Introduces a concrete instance to make an abstract idea, general claim, or list more understandable.

Usage Examples

• (There are many beautiful cities in Vietnam, for example, Da Nang and Hoi An.)
• (He likes many sports, such as football and swimming.)
• (Compared with last year, for instance, there has been much more progress.)

Advanced Usage

• "Chẳng hạn như": A slightly more formal or explicit variant meaning "such as" or "for example like." It is often used when listing multiple items.
  • Cô ấy nói được vài ngôn ngữ, chẳng hạn như tiếng Anh và tiếng Pháp. (She can speak several languages, such as English and French.)
• Used to introduce a hypothetical or illustrative scenario for explanation.
  • Giả sử bạn muốn học ngoại ngữ, chẳng hạn, bạn nên bắt đầu từ đâu? (Suppose you want to learn a foreign language, for example, where should you start?)

Variants and Related Words

• Ví dụ (n, adv): Example; for example. A more common and direct synonym. ( - Give an example. / For example, he is very hardworking.)
• Thí dụ (n, adv): Example; for instance. Slightly more formal or literary synonym for "ví dụ."
• Chẳng hạn như (adv phrase): Such as, for example. Emphasizes the illustrative nature.

Synonyms

• Ví dụ như: For example, such as.
• Điển hình là: Typically is, a typical example is.
• Cụ thể là: Specifically.

Related Phrases/Idioms

• Lấy chẳng hạn: To take for instance. Used to begin an explanatory example.
  • Nhiều người thành công nhờ kiên trì. Lấy chẳng hạn, nhà khoa học đó đã thử nghiệm hàng trăm lần. (Many people succeed through persistence. Take for instance, that scientist conducted hundreds of experiments.)

1. Namely, for example, for instance
   • so với năm ngoái, chẳng hạn, thì tiến bộ hơn nhiều
     compared with last year for example, there has been great progress
   • có nhiều ưu điểm, chẳng hạn như cần cù, giản dị
     there are many strong points, namely industriousness and simplicity