chloride
/'klɔ:raid/
Học thuậtThân thiện
Definition
- Noun:
- A salt of hydrochloric acid: A chemical compound containing the chloride ion (Cl⁻), typically formed when chlorine reacts with a metal or another element.
- A compound containing a chlorine atom: Any chemical substance where a chlorine atom is bonded to another element or group, often with the chlorine in a negative oxidation state.
Examples of Usage
- Noun:
- Sodium chloride is common table salt.
- The laboratory test detected high levels of chloride in the water sample.
- Calcium chloride is often used to melt ice on roads.
Advanced Usage
- "Chloride channel": A protein in cell membranes that allows chloride ions to pass through.
- Malfunctioning chloride channels can cause certain genetic diseases.
- "Chloride shift": A process in red blood cells where bicarbonate ions are exchanged for chloride ions.
- The chloride shift is essential for transporting carbon dioxide in the blood.
Variants and Related Words
- Hydrogen chloride (HCl): A gas that dissolves in water to form hydrochloric acid.
- Hydrogen chloride is a pungent, corrosive gas.
- Polyvinyl chloride (PVC): A common synthetic plastic polymer.
- The pipes are made from polyvinyl chloride.
- Chlorinate (verb): To treat or combine with chlorine.
- They chlorinate the water to make it safe for drinking.
Synonyms
- Halide: A general term for a compound containing a halogen ion (e.g., fluoride, chloride, bromide, iodide).
- Chlorine compound: A broader term for any substance containing chlorine atoms.
Related Phrases and Terms
- Chloride ion (Cl⁻): The negatively charged ion of chlorine, central to the definition of a chloride.
- The concentration of chloride ions is measured in this test.
- Chloride of lime: An older, common name for bleaching powder (calcium hypochlorite).
- Chloride of lime was historically used as a disinfectant.
Noun
- any salt of hydrochloric acid (containing the chloride ion)
- any compound containing a chlorine atom