congestion

/kən'dʤestʃn/

Thân thiện

The traffic congestion stretched for miles on the highway.

Definition

1. Noun:
   • Excessive crowding or accumulation: A state of being overcrowded or blocked, typically referring to traffic or people.
   • Medical condition: An excessive accumulation of blood or other fluid in a part of the body, such as the lungs or nasal passages.

Usage and Examples

• General Crowding:

  • The city is trying to reduce traffic congestion. (The city is attempting to lessen the overcrowding of vehicles on the roads.)
  • Congestion in the airport was terrible during the holiday. (The overcrowding in the airport was very bad during the holiday period.)

• Medical Context:

  • He has nasal congestion and cannot breathe well. (He has an excessive accumulation of fluid in his nasal passages, making breathing difficult.)
  • The doctor diagnosed pulmonary congestion. (The doctor identified an excessive accumulation of blood or fluid in the lungs.)

Advanced Usage

• "Congestion charge": A fee levied on vehicles entering a congested urban area to reduce traffic.

  • London's congestion charge aims to improve air quality. (The fee for driving in central London intends to enhance the quality of the air.)

• "Congestion pricing": A system of surcharging users of public goods (like roads) during peak demand periods to manage congestion.

  • The city council is debating congestion pricing for the downtown core. (The city council is discussing a system to charge higher fees for road use during busy times in the city center.)

Variants and Related Words

• Congest (verb): To cause congestion; to overcrowd or block.

  • Rush hour traffic congests the main highways. (The traffic during peak hours overcrowds the primary roads.)

• Congestive (adjective): Relating to or involving congestion, especially medically.

  • Congestive heart failure is a serious condition. (Heart failure involving fluid accumulation is a severe medical state.)

Synonyms

• Jam: A situation where vehicles are stuck and cannot move (e.g., ).
• Overcrowding: The condition of having too many people or things in one space.
• Clogging: Blocking or becoming blocked.

Antonyms

• Flow: The smooth, uninterrupted movement.
• Clearance: The removal of obstructions; the state of being unobstructed.

Related Phrases

• "Ease congestion": To reduce or alleviate overcrowding or blockage.

  • The new subway line should ease congestion on the roads. (The new underground railway line is expected to reduce the overcrowding of vehicles on the streets.)

• "Bottleneck congestion": Congestion caused by a narrow or restricted point in a system.

  • The bridge creates a bottleneck congestion every evening. (The bridge causes traffic overcrowding at a narrow point each evening.)

Học thuật

Noun

1. excessive crowding
   • traffic congestion
2. excessive accumulation of blood or other fluid in a body part

Từ đồng nghĩa

• over-crowding