Definition

1. Noun:

   • Prestress: A structural engineering technique where internal stresses are intentionally introduced into a material (like concrete) before it bears its service load. This is done to improve its performance by counteracting the stresses it will encounter during use.
   • Prestressing: The act or process of applying this initial, compensating stress.

2. Adjective (often used in compounds):

   • Prestressed: Describing a material, typically concrete, that has undergone the prestressing process. Prestressed concrete is stronger and can span longer distances than ordinary reinforced concrete.

Usage Examples

• Noun:

  • Kỹ thuật dự ứng lực cho phép xây dựng những cây cầu dài hơn. (The prestressing technique allows for the construction of longer bridges.)
  • Dự ứng lực là một bước tiến quan trọng trong xây dựng hiện đại. (Prestress is an important advancement in modern construction.)

• Adjective:

  • Các dầm bêtông dự ứng lực đã được lắp đặt tại công trường. (The prestressed concrete beams were installed at the construction site.)
  • Đây là một cấu kiện dự ứng lực. (This is a prestressed component.)

Advanced Usage

• The term is primarily technical and used in the fields of civil engineering, structural engineering, and construction. It is rarely used in everyday conversation outside of these contexts.
• The process typically involves tensioning high-strength steel tendons (cables or bars) either before the concrete hardens (pre-tensioning) or after it has hardened (post-tensioning).

Variants and Related Words

• Bêtông dự ứng lực / Bê tông dự ứng lực (n): Prestressed concrete. This is the most common compound term.
• Cốt thép dự ứng lực (n): Prestressing steel, prestressing tendon.
• Dầm dự ứng lực (n): Prestressed beam.
• Ứng suất trước (n): An alternative technical term for prestress, meaning "pre-applied stress."

Synonyms

• Prestress (n): The introduced internal stress.
• Prestressing (n): The process.
• Prestressed (adj): The state of the material.

Related Technical Terms

• Cốt thép cường độ cao: High-strength steel (the material used for tendons in prestressing).
• Căng trước: Pre-tensioning.
• Căng sau: Post-tensioning.
• Bêtông cốt thép: Reinforced concrete (a different, more common technique where steel merely reinforces concrete without pre-tensioning).

1. Prestressed
   • Bêtông dự ứng lực
     prestressed concrete