deduction
/di'dʌkʃn/
Definition
- Noun:
- The act of subtracting or removing an amount: The process of taking away a specific sum or part from a total.
- The amount that is subtracted: The specific sum or percentage that is removed from a total.
- Reasoning from general principles to a specific conclusion: The process of reaching a logical conclusion by applying general rules or premises to a specific case.
- A conclusion reached by this process of reasoning: The specific idea or fact that is inferred.
Usage and Examples
As the act of subtracting:
- The deduction of taxes from your salary is automatic.
- He made a mistake in his calculation because he forgot the deduction for the discount.
As the amount subtracted:
- Your total deduction for charitable donations this year is $500.
- After all deductions, my net pay is much lower than my gross salary.
As the process of logical reasoning:
- Sherlock Holmes solved the case by logical deduction.
- Through careful deduction, we can determine the cause of the problem.
As a concluded idea:
- My deduction is that she left because she was unhappy.
- All the evidence led to one inescapable deduction.
Advanced Usage
Tax deduction: An expense that can be subtracted from gross income to reduce the amount of income subject to tax.
- Mortgage interest is a common tax deduction.
By deduction: As a result of using deductive reasoning.
- The answer was found not by guesswork, but by deduction.
Variants and Related Words
Deductive (adj): Using or based on the method of deduction.
- He used deductive reasoning to solve the puzzle.
Deduct (v): To subtract or take away from a total.
- The bank will deduct the fee from your account.
Synonyms
- Subtraction: The process of taking one number or amount away from another.
- Inference: A conclusion reached on the basis of evidence and reasoning.
- Conclusion: A judgment or decision reached by reasoning.
Related Phrases
Make a deduction: To form a conclusion based on evidence.
- From the clues, I can make a deduction about what happened.
After deductions: Referring to an amount remaining once subtractions have been made.
- Your salary after deductions is often called your "take-home pay".
Idioms
- A reasonable deduction: A logical and sensible conclusion that can be drawn.
- Given the locked door and the missing key, it's a reasonable deduction that he left with it.
Noun
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the act of reducing the selling price of merchandise
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the act of subtracting (removing a part from the whole)
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he complained about the subtraction of money from their paychecks
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reasoning from the general to the particular (or from cause to effect)
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something that is inferred (deduced or entailed or implied)
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his resignation had political implications
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an amount or percentage deducted
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a reduction in the gross amount on which a tax is calculated; reduces taxes by the percentage fixed for the taxpayer's income bracket
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