deflation

/di'fleiʃn/

Thân thiện

The child watches the deflation of a large red beach ball.

Definition

1. Noun:
   • The act of releasing air or gas from something: The process of making something smaller or less full by removing the air or gas inside it.
   • A general decline in prices and economic activity: An economic condition characterized by a reduction in the general price level of goods and services, often accompanied by a decrease in spending, investment, and employment.
   • (Geology) The erosion of land by wind: The process by which wind removes loose, dry particles like sand, dust, and soil from the Earth's surface.

Usage Examples

• Noun (Releasing air):
  • The deflation of the balloon was rapid after it was popped.
  • Check the tire for punctures; its deflation was sudden.
• Noun (Economics):
  • The country entered a period of deflation, causing consumer prices to fall for several consecutive quarters.
  • Central banks often aim to avoid prolonged deflation as it can harm economic growth.
• Noun (Geology):
  • The constant deflation in the arid region has created a rocky desert pavement.
  • Geologists study deflation to understand how wind shapes landscapes over time.

Advanced Usage

• "Deflationary spiral": A dangerous economic situation where falling prices lead to lower production, lower wages, decreased demand, and further price declines.
  • The government implemented stimulus measures to prevent the economy from falling into a deflationary spiral.
• "Deflation of expectations": A psychological or economic concept where anticipated future price declines cause consumers and businesses to delay purchases and investments.
  • The deflation of expectations can paralyze an economy, as everyone waits for lower prices tomorrow.

Variants and Related Words

• Deflate (verb): To release air or gas from; to reduce in size, importance, or value.
  • He had to deflate the air mattress to pack it away.
  • The bad news deflated the team's enthusiasm.
• Deflationary (adjective): Causing or relating to deflation.
  • The deflationary pressure made it difficult for companies to raise prices.

Synonyms

• Contraction (Economics): A period of economic decline.
• Disinflation: A slowdown in the rate of price inflation. (Note: This is different from deflation, which is a negative inflation rate).
• Erosion (Geology): The process of being worn away.

Antonyms

• Inflation: A general increase in prices and fall in the purchasing value of money.
• Expansion (Economics): A period of economic growth.

Học thuật

Noun

1. the act of letting the air out of something
2. a contraction of economic activity resulting in a decline of prices
3. (geology) the erosion of soil as a consequence of sand and dust and loose rocks being removed by the wind
   • a constant deflation of the desert landscape