diploid
Definition
Adjective:
- Having two complete sets of chromosomes: Describes a cell or organism that contains two copies of each chromosome, one inherited from each parent. This is the normal chromosomal condition for the somatic (body) cells of most animals and many plants.
Noun:
- An organism or cell with a diploid chromosome number: In genetics, a diploid is an organism or cell that possesses the normal, double set of chromosomes for its species, as opposed to a haploid cell which has a single set.
Usage Examples
- Adjective:
- Human somatic cells are diploid, containing 46 chromosomes.
- The diploid stage of the plant's life cycle is the dominant, visible form.
- Noun:
- The fertilized egg, or zygote, is a diploid formed by the union of two haploid gametes.
- In this species, the diploid is the only multicellular life stage.
Advanced Usage
- Diploid number (2n): The total number of chromosomes in a diploid cell. For example, the diploid number for humans is 46 (2n=46).
- Diploid genome: Refers to the complete set of genetic information present in two copies within a diploid cell.
Variants and Related Words
- Diploidy (n): The state or condition of being diploid.
- Diploidy is essential for genetic diversity through sexual reproduction.
- Haploid (adj/n): The complementary term describing a cell or organism with a single set of chromosomes (n).
Synonyms
- Adjective: Double-chromosomed, 2n.
- Noun: Zygote (specifically the initial diploid cell), sporophyte (in plants, the diploid generation).
Antonyms
- Haploid: Having a single set of chromosomes.
- Polyploid: Having more than two sets of chromosomes (e.g., triploid, tetraploid).
Adjective
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of a cell or organism having two sets of chromosomes or twice the haploid number
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diploid somatic cells
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Noun
-
(genetics) an organism or cell having the normal amount of DNA per cell; i.e., two sets of chromosomes or twice the haploid number
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