elisa
Definition
- Noun:
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay: A laboratory technique used to detect and measure specific substances, such as proteins, antibodies, hormones, or pathogens (like viruses and bacteria), in a liquid sample. The assay relies on an enzymatic reaction that produces a detectable color change to indicate the presence and quantity of the target substance.
Examples of Usage
- Noun:
- The doctor ordered an ELISA to test for the presence of antibodies against the virus.
- ELISA is a common method for screening blood donations for infectious diseases.
- Researchers used an ELISA kit to quantify the concentration of the protein in their samples.
Advanced Usage
- "to run an ELISA": to perform the ELISA test procedure.
- The lab technician will run an ELISA on the serum samples tomorrow.
- "ELISA test/assay/kit": common collocations specifying the type of test or the commercial product used.
- The results of the ELISA test were confirmed by a more specific method.
- We purchased a commercial ELISA kit for faster analysis.
Variants and Related Words
- Enzyme immunoassay (EIA) (n): A broader category of assays that ELISA belongs to, which use enzyme-labeled molecules for detection.
- Immunoassay (n): A general term for any biochemical test that measures the concentration of a substance using the specific binding of an antibody to its antigen.
Synonyms
- Enzyme immunoassay: A very close synonym, though "ELISA" often refers to a specific plate-based format of an EIA.
Related Phrases
- Direct ELISA: A format where the antigen is immobilized and detected directly by an enzyme-linked antibody.
- Indirect ELISA: A format often used for antibody detection, where the primary antibody is detected by an enzyme-linked secondary antibody.
- Sandwich ELISA: A highly specific format used to detect antigens, where the antigen is "sandwiched" between a capture antibody and a detection antibody.
- Competitive ELISA: A format used to measure small antigens, where the sample antigen competes with a labeled antigen for binding sites.
Noun
-
an assay that relies on an enzymatic conversion reaction and is used to detect the presence of specific substances (such as enzymes or viruses or antibodies or bacteria)
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