Definition

1. Noun (Physics):
   • Potential Difference: The difference in electric potential between two points in an electric circuit or field. It is the work needed to move a unit electric charge from one point to the other, measured in volts (V). This is the driving force that causes electric current to flow in a closed circuit.

Usage Examples

• Noun:
  • Hiệu thế giữa hai đầu của bóng đèn là 12 volt. (The potential difference across the light bulb is 12 volts.)
  • Để có dòng điện, phải duy trì một hiệu thế. (To have an electric current, a potential difference must be maintained.)
  • Vôn kế dùng để đo hiệu thế. (A voltmeter is used to measure potential difference.)

Advanced Usage

• "Hiệu thế điện": Electric potential difference. This is a more explicit term but is often synonymous with "hiệu thế" in context.
  • Hiệu thế điện một chiều. (Direct current potential difference.)

Variants and Related Words

• Điện áp (n): Voltage. This is a more common engineering and everyday term for potential difference.
  • Điện áp trong ổ cắm gia đình là 220V. (The voltage in a household socket is 220V.)
• Điện thế (n): Electric potential (at a single point, relative to a reference).
  • Điện thế tại điểm A. (The electric potential at point A.)

Synonyms

• Voltage: The common term for electric potential difference.
• Electric tension: A less common synonym for potential difference.

Related Scientific Concepts

• Cường độ dòng điện (n): Current intensity (Amperage). The flow of electric charge, which is caused by a potential difference.
  • Hiệu thế tạo ra cường độ dòng điện. (Potential difference creates current intensity.)
• Điện trở (n): Resistance. A property that opposes current flow, related to potential difference by Ohm's Law (V = I x R).

1. Potential difference