leflunomide
Definition
Noun: 1. A pharmaceutical drug: Leflunomide is a specific chemical compound used as a disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD). It works by inhibiting the proliferation of certain white blood cells (lymphocytes), thereby reducing the inflammation that damages joints in autoimmune diseases.
Usage
Leflunomide is used specifically in the treatment of certain autoimmune conditions. * The rheumatologist prescribed leflunomide to manage the patient's rheumatoid arthritis. * Before starting leflunomide, doctors typically conduct tests to monitor liver function.
Advanced Usage
- Mechanism of Action: In medical contexts, leflunomide is described as a pyrimidine synthesis inhibitor. Its active metabolite interferes with the enzyme dihydroorotate dehydrogenase, which is required for the synthesis of pyrimidines in rapidly dividing cells like activated lymphocytes.
- Therapeutic Context: It is classified as a conventional synthetic DMARD (csDMARD) and is often considered when a patient has an inadequate response or intolerance to first-line therapies like methotrexate.
Variants and Related Words
- Arava: The primary brand name or trade name for leflunomide.
- DMARD (Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drug): The broader class of drugs to which leflunomide belongs.
Synonyms
- Immunosuppressant: A general term for agents that suppress the immune response, which describes one of leflunomide's key actions.
- Anti-inflammatory drug: A broad category that includes leflunomide due to its effect of reducing inflammation in joints.
Related Phrases and Collocations
- To be on leflunomide: To be taking this medication as part of a treatment regimen.
- She has been on leflunomide for six months with noticeable improvement.
- Leflunomide therapy: Refers to the treatment course involving this drug.
- The success of leflunomide therapy depends on regular monitoring.
- Side effects of leflunomide: Common adverse effects can include diarrhea, hair thinning, elevated liver enzymes, and hypertension.
Noun
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an anti-TNF compound (trade name Arava) that is given orally; can slow the progression of rheumatoid arthritis by slowing the proliferation of white blood cells which reduces inflammation in the synovium
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