lexis

Thân thiện

A student studies the lexis of a new language from a colorful textbook.

Definition

Noun: 1. The total vocabulary of a language: The complete set of words and word forms, including all inflections and derivations, that exist within a particular language. 2. The words and phrases used in a specific context: The particular vocabulary or word choices characteristic of a field, register, or individual text.

Usage

• Lexis is a technical term used primarily in linguistics and language studies. It refers to the entire stock of meaningful units in a language's vocabulary, as opposed to its grammar or syntax.
• It is often discussed in contrast with grammar. While grammar deals with the rules and structures for combining words, lexis deals with the words themselves.
• It can be analyzed at different levels, such as the general lexis of English, the specialized lexis of legal documents, or the personal lexis of a particular author.

Examples

• Linguists study the lexis of Old English to understand how the language has evolved.
• The technical lexis of computer programming includes terms like "algorithm," "syntax," and "variable."
• A poet's distinctive lexis contributes to their unique style and voice.
• The report noted a shift in the political lexis, with new terms like "net-zero" becoming commonplace.

Advanced Usage

• Lexical Field/Semantic Field: A group of words related by meaning (e.g., the lexical field of "cooking": ).
• Lexical Item: A single unit of vocabulary, which can be a word, a compound word, or a multi-word expression with a single meaning (e.g., "post office," "kick the bucket").
• Lexical Density: A measure of the proportion of content words (nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs) to grammatical words (prepositions, conjunctions, articles) in a text.

Variants and Related Words

• Lexical (adjective): Relating to the words or vocabulary of a language.
  • Example: "Lexical choice" is crucial for effective communication.
• Lexicon (noun): Often used synonymously with "lexis," but can also refer to a dictionary or the vocabulary of a person, group, or subject.
  • Example: The lexicon of a medical doctor is full of specialized terminology.

Synonyms

• Vocabulary
• Wordstock
• (In some contexts) Lexicon

Antonyms

• Grammar
• Syntax

Học thuật

Noun

1. all of the words in a language; all word forms having meaning or grammatical function