lysis
/'laisis/
Definition
- Noun:
- The dissolution or destruction of cells: In biochemistry and biology, "lysis" refers specifically to the breaking down of a cell's membrane, often resulting in the cell's death and the release of its contents. This can apply to various cell types, including blood cells (hemolysis) or bacteria (bacteriolysis).
- The gradual subsiding of the symptoms of a disease: In medicine, "lysis" describes a slow, progressive decline in the manifestations of an acute illness, as opposed to a sudden crisis.
Usage Examples
- Noun (Biochemistry/Biology):
- The antibiotic causes bacterial cell lysis. (The antibiotic leads to the destruction of bacterial cells.)
- Hemolysis, or the lysis of red blood cells, can be observed in the lab.
- Noun (Medicine):
- The patient's fever resolved by lysis over several days. (The patient's fever went away gradually over several days.)
- Lysis of the pneumonia was a good sign of recovery.
Advanced Usage
- "Lysis" is frequently used as a combining form or in compound terms in scientific contexts. Its core meaning of "breaking down" or "loosening" is central.
- Cytolysis: The lysis of cells.
- Hydrolysis: A chemical breakdown reaction involving water.
- Electroporation can be used to induce cell lysis. (Electroporation can be used to cause cell destruction.)
Variants and Related Words
- Lyse (verb): To cause or undergo lysis.
- The virus will lyse the host cell.
- Lytic (adjective): Relating to or causing lysis.
- A lytic enzyme.
- -lysis (suffix): A suffix meaning "decomposition" or "breaking down," used in many scientific terms (e.g., , , ).
Synonyms
- Dissolution: The process of dissolving or breaking apart.
- Disintegration: The process of breaking into small parts.
- Decomposition: The state or process of rotting or decaying.
- Decline (medical sense): A gradual lessening of intensity.
Antonyms
- Formation: The action of forming or establishing.
- Synthesis: The combination of components to form a whole.
- Crisis (medical sense): A sudden, decisive change in the course of a disease.
Related Phrases and Terms
- Lytic cycle: The reproductive cycle of a virus that ends with the lysis of the host cell.
- Lysis buffer: A solution used in laboratories to break open cells.
- By lysis (medical): A phrase describing the manner of symptom resolution.
- The infection resolved by lysis, not by crisis.
Noun
-
(biochemistry) dissolution or destruction of cells such as blood cells or bacteria
-
recuperation in which the symptoms of an acute disease gradually subside
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