Definition

1. Noun:
   • Iris: The thin, circular, colored structure in the eye, responsible for controlling the diameter and size of the pupil and thus the amount of light reaching the retina.

Usage Examples

• Noun:
  • Màu sắc của mống mắt mỗi người có thể khác nhau. (The color of each person's iris can be different.)
  • Bác sĩ nhãn khoa kiểm tra mống mắt của bệnh nhân. (The ophthalmologist examined the patient's iris.)
  • Ánh sáng mạnh làm cho mống mắt co lại. (Bright light causes the iris to contract.)

Advanced Usage

• Medical/Anatomical Context: The term is almost exclusively used in anatomical, medical, or biological contexts.
  • Viêm mống mắt là một bệnh lý nghiêm trọng về mắt. (Iritis is a serious eye condition.)

Variants and Related Words

• Đồng tử (Noun): Pupil – The central black opening in the iris.
• Giác mạc (Noun): Cornea – The transparent front part of the eye that covers the iris and pupil.
• Màng mắt (Noun): A less common or more general term for eye membrane; not a direct synonym for iris.

Synonyms

• Iris (English loanword used in specialized contexts): This is the direct and most precise equivalent.
• Lòng đen (Noun - Informal/Colloquial): Literally "black part," but commonly used in everyday Vietnamese to refer to the colored part of the eye (iris and pupil together). Note: This is a common colloquial term but is anatomically imprecise as it encompasses both the iris and the pupil.

Notes on Usage

• 'Mống mắt' vs. 'Lòng đen': While 'mống mắt' is the correct anatomical term, 'lòng đen' is far more common in everyday speech. For example, people usually say (He has brown eyes) rather than using 'mống mắt'.
• Technical Term: 'Mống mắt' is a specialized term. Its use typically indicates a formal, scientific, or medical context.

1. (giải phẫu) Iris