microorganism

/'maikrou'ɔ:gənizm/

Thân thiện

A student observes a microorganism through a microscope.

Definition

1. Noun:
   • Any organism of microscopic size: A microorganism is a living thing that is too small to be seen with the naked eye. It typically includes bacteria, archaea, some fungi (like yeasts), protists, and microscopic algae. Viruses are often studied alongside microorganisms, though they are not always classified as living organisms.

Usage

• The term "microorganism" is a standard scientific noun used to categorize a vast group of life forms based on their size. It is used in both singular and plural forms.
• Singular: "A microorganism was discovered in the sample."
• Plural: "The pond water is teeming with microorganisms."

Examples

• Noun:
  • The study of microorganisms is called microbiology.
  • Many microorganisms are beneficial, aiding in digestion and decomposition.
  • A single drop of seawater can contain millions of microorganisms.

Advanced Usage

• "Pathogenic microorganism": A microorganism that can cause disease.

  • Strict hygiene protocols are necessary to control pathogenic microorganisms in hospitals.

• "Soil microorganism": A microorganism that lives in soil and is crucial for nutrient cycling.

  • The health of the garden depends on the activity of beneficial soil microorganisms.

Variants and Related Words

• Microbe (n): A common, often informal synonym for a microorganism, especially one that causes disease or fermentation.

  • The scientist studied the microbes responsible for yogurt production.

• Microbial (adj): Relating to or caused by microorganisms.

  • The microbial activity in the compost pile generates heat.

• Microflora (n): The community of microorganisms present in a particular environment, like the human gut.

  • Antibiotics can sometimes disrupt the natural microflora of the intestines.

Synonyms

• Germ: A very common, non-scientific term often used for a microorganism that causes disease.
• Bug: An informal term, especially in contexts like "stomach bug," referring to a pathogenic microorganism.

Related Phrases

• "Microorganism culture": The process of growing microorganisms in a prepared medium for study.
  • The lab technician prepared a microorganism culture to identify the bacteria.

Related Idioms

• • "Catch a bug": To become ill with a minor infection, often caused by a microorganism.

    • I think I caught a bug; I've been feeling unwell all day.

Học thuật

Noun

1. any organism of microscopic size

Từ đồng nghĩa

• micro-organism