monism
Definition
Noun: 1. A philosophical doctrine: The belief or theory that all of reality is composed of, or can be explained by, a single fundamental substance, principle, or force. It asserts the unity of the universe and denies any fundamental division between mind and matter or between the physical and the spiritual.
Usage
- Monism is a technical term used primarily in philosophical and metaphysical discussions.
- It contrasts with dualism (which posits two fundamental substances, like mind and body) and pluralism (which posits many fundamental substances or principles).
- It is often modified by a prefix to specify the nature of the single substance, e.g., (everything is matter) or (everything is mind or spirit).
Examples
- The philosopher's argument for monism attempted to reduce all psychological events to physical processes in the brain.
- In his lecture, he explained how monism differs from traditional religious dualism.
- Some forms of Eastern philosophy advocate a kind of spiritual monism.
Advanced Usage
- Neutral Monism: A specific philosophical position which holds that the fundamental substance of reality is neither mental nor physical, but a neutral element from which both mind and matter are derived.
Variants and Related Words
- Monist (noun): A person who believes in or advocates monism.
- As a monist, she rejected the idea of a separate soul.
- Monistic (adjective): Relating to or characterized by monism.
- His theory presented a monistic view of the universe.
Synonyms
- Unitarianism (in a philosophical, non-religious context)
- Holism (in some specific philosophical contexts, emphasizing the whole over parts)
Antonyms
- Dualism
- Pluralism
Noun
-
the doctrine that reality consists of a single basic substance or element
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