neutron

/'nju:trɔn/

Thân thiện

A scientist points to a diagram of an atomic nucleus containing protons and neutrons.

Definition

1. Noun:
   • An elementary particle with zero electrical charge and a mass approximately equal to that of a proton; a constituent of the atomic nucleus.

Usage

• The word neutron is a countable noun. It is used to refer to one of the fundamental particles that, along with protons, makes up the nucleus of an atom.
• It is a scientific term primarily used in the fields of physics and chemistry.

Examples

• Noun:
  • A neutron has no electric charge.
  • The nucleus of a carbon-12 atom contains six protons and six neutrons.
  • Free neutrons are unstable and decay with a half-life of about 15 minutes.

Advanced Usage

• "Neutron star": An extremely dense celestial object composed almost entirely of neutrons, formed from the collapsed core of a massive star after a supernova.
  • A neutron star can have a mass greater than the Sun but a diameter of only about 20 kilometers.
• "Thermal neutron": A neutron that has been slowed (moderated) to have kinetic energy similar to that of the surrounding atoms, making it more likely to cause nuclear fission.
  • Thermal neutrons are essential for sustaining the chain reaction in a nuclear reactor.

Variants and Related Words

• Neutronic (adj): Pertaining to neutrons.
  • The neutronic properties of the material were analyzed.
• Neutronization (n): The process by which protons and electrons combine under extreme pressure to form neutrons, as in a collapsing star.
  • Neutronization is a key process in the formation of a neutron star.

Synonyms

• Subatomic particle: A more general term for particles smaller than an atom, such as protons, neutrons, and electrons.
• Nucleon: A collective term for protons and neutrons, the particles found in an atomic nucleus.

Related Phrases and Compounds

• Neutron bomb: A type of nuclear weapon designed to release a large amount of neutron radiation while having less destructive blast and heat effects.
  • The controversial neutron bomb was intended to destroy life while sparing infrastructure.
• Neutron capture: A nuclear reaction in which an atomic nucleus absorbs a neutron.
  • Neutron capture is the process that creates many heavier elements in stars.
• Neutron diffraction: A technique used in crystallography that utilizes neutron scattering to determine the atomic and magnetic structure of a material.
  • Neutron diffraction revealed the magnetic ordering in the crystal.

Học thuật

Noun

1. an elementary particle with 0 charge and mass about equal to a proton; enters into the structure of the atomic nucleus