optimism

/'ɔptimizm/

Thân thiện

She faces every challenge with a bright sense of optimism.

Definition

1. Noun:
   • A general disposition to expect the best in all things: A tendency to believe, hope, or expect that good things will happen in the future.
   • The optimistic feeling that all is going to turn out well: A positive attitude or belief that the outcome of a situation or the future in general will be favorable.

Usage and Examples

• Noun:
  • Her natural optimism helped her overcome many challenges.
  • Despite the setbacks, he maintained his optimism about the project's success.
  • The speech was filled with hope and optimism for a better tomorrow.

Advanced Usage and Nuances

• Philosophical Context: In philosophy, "optimism" can refer to the doctrine that this world is the best of all possible worlds.
  • Leibniz's philosophy is often associated with optimism.
• As an Uncountable Mass Noun: It is typically used as an uncountable noun, not in the plural form.
  • We need more optimism in the office. (Correct)
  • We need more optimisms in the office. (Incorrect)

Variants and Related Words

• Optimist (noun): A person who tends to be hopeful and expects good outcomes.
  • She is a born optimist.
• Optimistic (adjective): Having or showing hope for the future; expecting good things.
  • He gave an optimistic forecast.
• Optimistically (adverb): In a hopeful and positive manner.
  • She viewed the situation optimistically.

Synonyms

• Hopefulness: The feeling or state of having hope.
• Positivity: The practice of being or tendency to be positive or optimistic in attitude.
• Confidence: The feeling or belief that one can rely on someone or something; a positive expectation.
• Sanguineness: (Formal) Optimistic or positive, especially in a difficult situation.

Antonyms

• Pessimism: A tendency to see the worst aspect of things or believe that the worst will happen.
• Cynicism: An inclination to believe that people are motivated purely by self-interest; skepticism.
• Gloom: A state of depression or despondency; a pessimistic attitude.

Idioms and Common Phrases

• A ray of optimism: A small sign of hope or positive feeling in a difficult situation.
  • The new medical report provided a ray of optimism for the family.
• Blind optimism: Optimism that is not based on reason or evidence; being overly hopeful without considering reality.
  • His blind optimism prevented him from seeing the real risks involved.
• Cautious optimism: A hopeful attitude tempered with a realistic awareness of potential problems.
  • Investors are viewing the merger with cautious optimism.

Học thuật

Noun

1. a general disposition to expect the best in all things
2. the optimistic feeling that all is going to turn out well