oxime
Học thuậtThân thiện
Definition
Noun: A chemical compound characterized by the presence of the functional group -C=NOH, formed by the condensation of a carbonyl compound (such as an aldehyde or ketone) with hydroxylamine.
Usage
An oxime is a specific type of organic compound. The term is used primarily in chemistry to classify and describe molecules with this defining structural feature. It is a countable noun (e.g., an oxime, several oximes).
Examples
- The chemist synthesized a new oxime in the laboratory.
- Acetone oxime is a common example of a ketone-derived oxime.
- These oximes are being studied for their potential pharmaceutical applications.
Advanced Usage
- Stereochemistry: Oximes can exist as stereoisomers (syn and anti isomers) due to the lack of free rotation around the C=N bond.
- The two geometric isomers of the oxime were separated using chromatography.
- Functional Group Transformation: Oximes are important intermediates in organic synthesis and can be converted into other functional groups, such as amines (via the Beckmann rearrangement).
- The oxime was subjected to Beckmann rearrangement conditions to yield the corresponding amide.
Variants and Related Words
- Aldoxime (n): An oxime derived specifically from an aldehyde (R-CH=NOH).
- Ketoxime (n): An oxime derived specifically from a ketone (R₂C=NOH).
- Oximate (n): The conjugate base of an oxime, formed by deprotonation of the hydroxyl group.
Synonyms
- There are no direct common-language synonyms. In technical contexts, it may be described as a "hydroxylimine" or by its structural formula .
Related Phrases
- Form an oxime: To undergo a chemical reaction to produce an oxime.
- The ketone will form an oxime when treated with hydroxylamine hydrochloride.
- Oxime derivative: A compound that is structurally based on or modified from an oxime.
- The drug is an oxime derivative designed to reactivate the enzyme.
Noun
- any compound containing the group -C=NOH