perennial

/pə'renjəl/

Thân thiện

The gardener plants a perennial flower in the sunny border.

Definition

1. Adjective:

   • Recurring repeatedly or persistently: Describing something that happens or appears again and again over time.
   • Lasting an indefinitely long time; enduring: Describing something that continues or exists for a very long period, often seeming permanent or self-renewing.
   • (Botany) Lasting for more than two growing seasons: Describing a plant that lives for multiple years, typically flowering over several seasons.

2. Noun:

   • (Botany) A perennial plant: A plant that lives for more than two years, often regrowing each spring from its rootstock.

Examples of Usage

• Adjective:

  • The perennial problem of traffic congestion requires a long-term solution.
  • She has a perennial optimism that inspires everyone around her.
  • Lavender is a popular perennial herb in many gardens.

• Noun:

  • I planted several perennials, like peonies and hostas, so they will return each year.
  • This garden bed is dedicated to perennials to reduce yearly planting.

Advanced Usage

• "Perennial favorite": Something that is consistently popular or well-liked over a long period.

  • That classic novel remains a perennial favorite among students.

• "Perennial candidate": A person who repeatedly runs for a political office, often without success.

  • He became known as a perennial candidate for city council.

Variants and Related Words

• Perennially (adverb): In a way that lasts a long time or happens repeatedly.

  • The region is perennially short of water.

• Perenniality (noun): The state or quality of being perennial. (This is a more technical term.)

Synonyms

• Recurrent: Occurring often or repeatedly.
• Enduring: Lasting over a long period.
• Persistent: Continuing firmly despite obstacles.

Antonyms

• Annual: Lasting for one year or season.
• Ephemeral: Lasting for a very short time.
• Temporary: Lasting for only a limited period.

Related Phrases

• Hardy perennial: A phrase often used literally for a tough perennial plant, or figuratively for a persistent idea or topic.
  • The debate about tax reform is a hardy perennial in politics.

Học thuật

Adjective

1. recurring again and again
   • perennial efforts to stipulate the requirements
2. lasting an indefinitely long time; suggesting self-renewal
   • perennial happiness
3. lasting three seasons or more
   • the common buttercup is a popular perennial plant

Noun

1. (botany) a plant lasting for three seasons or more

Từ đồng nghĩa

• recurrent
• repeated