postposition

/'poustpə'ziʃn/

Thân thiện

In some languages, a modifier appears as a postposition.

Definition

1. Noun:
   • (Linguistics) A grammatical element placed after the word or phrase it modifies or relates to: A postposition is a type of adposition (like a preposition) that follows its complement. It functions similarly to a preposition but in a different structural order within a phrase.

Usage Examples

• Noun:
  • In the phrase "the world over," the word "over" acts as a postposition.
  • Many languages, such as Japanese and Turkish, use postpositions instead of prepositions to indicate grammatical relationships.

Advanced Usage

• Grammatical Role: A postposition combines with a noun (or noun phrase) to form a postpositional phrase, indicating location, time, direction, or other relationships.
  • In the sentence "He walked the path along," "along" is a postposition creating the phrase "the path along."
• Contrast with Preposition: The key distinction is order. A preposition comes its complement (e.g., the house), while a postposition comes (e.g., the house —though this is not standard in English but illustrates the concept).

Variants and Related Words

• Postpositional (adj): Relating to or functioning as a postposition.
  • The postpositional phrase "the mountain up" is uncommon in English.
• Adposition (n): A cover term for both prepositions and postpositions.

Synonyms

• Suffix (in some contexts): When bound to a word, a postposition can resemble a case suffix. However, postpositions are often considered separate words, while suffixes are bound morphemes.

Related Phrases / Constructions

• Postpositional Phrase: A phrase consisting of a noun and a postposition that follows it, functioning as a single unit.
  • Analyzing a postpositional phrase helps understand sentence structure in agglutinative languages.

Notes on Different Meanings

• The term is almost exclusively used in the field of linguistics. It does not have common everyday meanings outside of this technical context.

Học thuật

Noun

1. (linguistics) the placing of one linguistic element after another (as placing a modifier after the word that it modifies in a sentence or placing an affix after the base to which it is attached)