propyl

Thân thiện

A chemist writes the chemical formula for a propyl group on a whiteboard.

Definition

1. Noun:
   • The monovalent organic group C₃H₇⁻ obtained from propane: In organic chemistry, "propyl" refers to a specific alkyl group (a substituent) derived from propane by removing one hydrogen atom. It has the chemical formula -C₃H₇ and is a three-carbon chain attached to another molecule.

Examples of Usage

• Noun:
  • The compound contains a propyl group attached to the nitrogen atom.
  • Propyl alcohol, also known as 1-propanol, has the propyl group bonded to a hydroxyl group.

Advanced Usage

• Chemical Nomenclature: "Propyl" is used systematically in IUPAC names to indicate the presence of this three-carbon alkyl substituent. For example, "propylbenzene" is benzene with a propyl group attached.
• Isomer Distinction: The term "propyl" typically refers to the -propyl (normal-propyl) isomer, which is a linear chain. The branched isomer is specifically called "isopropyl."

Variants and Related Words

• Isopropyl (noun): The branched isomer of the propyl group, with the formula (CH₃)₂CH⁻.
  • Isopropyl alcohol is a common disinfectant.
• Propylene (noun): An unsaturated hydrocarbon (C₃H₆), also known as propene, which is related as it is the source of many propyl-containing compounds.
• Propane (noun): The parent alkane (C₃H₈) from which the propyl group is formally derived.

Synonyms

• n-Propyl: A more precise synonym used in scientific contexts to distinguish the linear isomer from isopropyl.
• C₃H₇ group: A formula-based synonym used in chemical notation.

Related Phrases and Terms

• Propyl group: The most common phrase, used to specify the substituent in a molecular structure.
• Propyl derivative: A compound formed by introducing a propyl group into another molecule.

Học thuật

Noun

1. the monovalent organic group C3H7- obtained from propane

Từ đồng nghĩa

• propyl group
• propyl radical