reductio

Thân thiện

A philosopher uses reductio to challenge an argument.

Definition

Noun: 1. A logical argument or method of proof: Specifically, a reductio ad absurdum (reduction to the absurd). It is a form of argument that disproves a proposition by showing that its logical consequences lead to an absurd or contradictory conclusion. Conversely, it can prove a proposition by demonstrating that assuming its opposite leads to a contradiction.

Usage

• The philosopher employed a clever reductio to dismantle his opponent's theory, revealing its illogical implications.
• In mathematics, a proof by reductio ad absurdum is a common and powerful technique.

Advanced Usage

• The term is almost exclusively used in its full Latin form, "reductio ad absurdum", or the abbreviated form "reductio". It is a technical term primarily used in logic, philosophy, mathematics, and formal debate.
• The argument proceeds by temporarily accepting a premise as true and then deducing from it a conclusion that is logically untenable, false, or self-contradictory. This then forces the rejection of the original premise.

Variants and Related Words

• Reductio ad absurdum: The full and formal name of the logical technique.
• Proof by contradiction: A closely related, often synonymous term used particularly in mathematics.

Synonyms

• Disproof by absurdity
• Indirect proof (in specific contexts)
• Proof by contradiction

Related Idioms/Phrases

• Reductio ad absurdum: This is the standard phrase. An example of its use: "His entire policy was defeated by a simple ; if everyone acted that way, society would collapse."

Học thuật

Noun

1. (reduction to the absurd) a disproof by showing that the consequences of the proposition are absurd; or a proof of a proposition by showing that its negation leads to a contradiction

Từ đồng nghĩa

• reductio ad absurdum