Definition

Noun: A strangler tree is a type of epiphytic plant, typically a vine or tree, that begins its life growing on another tree (the host). It sends aerial roots down the trunk of the supporting host tree. These roots eventually surround, or coalesce around, the host's trunk, constricting its growth and often leading to the host tree's death.

Usage

The term is used specifically in botany and ecology to describe this particular growth habit and its effect on the supporting tree. - The strangler tree is a fascinating yet brutal example of plant competition in tropical rainforests. - Botanists studied how the strangler tree slowly enveloped the ancient oak.

Advanced Usage

• The process is often called "strangulation", where the host tree is killed not by direct parasitism (stealing nutrients) but by mechanical constriction and competition for light and resources.
• The structure left after the host tree decays is a hollow, lattice-like cylinder of roots, which stands independently. This is sometimes referred to as the "strangler's cage".

Variants and Related Words

• Strangler Fig: A common and well-known type of strangler tree, often from the genus.
  • The strangler fig is a keystone species in many forests, providing food for animals even as it kills its host.
• Epiphyte: A plant that grows on another plant for physical support but is not parasitic. Strangler trees start as epiphytes.
• Hemiepiphyte: A more precise botanical term for a plant that spends part of its life cycle as an epiphyte. Strangler trees are hemiepiphytes.

Synonyms

• Killer Tree (less technical)
• Hemiepiphytic Tree

Related Phrases/Concepts

• To strangle a host tree: The action performed by the plant.
  • The vine's roots began to strangle the host tree, cutting off its nutrient flow.
• Aerial roots: The specialized roots that grow downward from the plant to the ground, key to the strangling process.

Noun

1. an epiphytic vine or tree whose aerial roots extend down the trunk of a supporting tree and coalesce around it eventually strangling the tree