synapsis
/si'næpsi:z/
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Definition
- Noun (Biology, Genetics):
- The pairing of homologous chromosomes: "Synapsis" refers specifically to the precise side-by-side alignment and physical connection of matching (homologous) chromosomes, one inherited from the mother and one from the father. This process is a critical and defining event at the beginning of meiosis, the cell division that produces gametes (sperm and eggs).
Usage Examples
- Noun:
- Synapsis is essential for genetic recombination during meiosis.
- The failure of synapsis can lead to errors in chromosome segregation.
- During prophase I, homologous chromosomes undergo synapsis.
Advanced Usage
- "To undergo synapsis": describes the action of chromosomes coming together in this specific pairing.
- The homologous chromosomes must undergo synapsis correctly to ensure proper genetic exchange.
Variants and Related Words
- Synapse (n): A completely different term in neuroscience referring to the junction between two nerve cells. Do not confuse with "synapsis."
- Synaptic (adj): Pertaining to synapsis (in genetics) or to a synapse (in neurology). Context is key.
- The synaptic complex facilitates genetic exchange. (Genetics context)
- Synaptonemal complex (n): The protein structure that forms between homologous chromosomes during synapsis, facilitating their alignment and recombination.
Synonyms
- Chromosome pairing: A more general descriptive term for the event.
- Conjugation (in a specific genetic context): Sometimes used to describe the pairing process, though more common in bacteriology.
Related Phrases/Concepts
- Crossing over: The exchange of genetic material that occurs between homologous chromosomes they have undergone synapsis.
- Bivalent: The structure formed by a pair of homologous chromosomes that have undergone synapsis.
- Meiotic prophase I: The specific stage of cell division where synapsis occurs.
Noun
- the side by side pairing of homologous maternal and paternal chromosomes at the start of meiosis